Items tagged “summary”

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is defined as a condition characterised by persistent air flow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, usually characterised by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. It is defined by two main features 1: a history of respiratory symptoms such as wheeze, shortness of breat...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Pneumonia refers to infection within the lung and results in infective fluid and pus filling the alveolar spaces. This initially results in patchy airspace opacification and then more confluent consolidation. Reference art...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Chest x-ray PICC (peripherally inserted central catheter) position should be assessed following initial placement and on subsequent radiographs. Reference article This is a summary article; we do have a more in-depth refe...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Shoulder dislocation usually occurs following trauma and results in the humeral head moving out of the glenoid fossa. Reference article This is a summary article. For more information, you can read a more in-depth referen...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Chest x-ray review is a key competency for medical students, junior doctors and other allied health professionals. Using A, B, C, D, E is a helpful and systematic method for chest x-ray review: A: airways B: breathing (th...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Proximal humeral fractures are a heterogeneous group of fractures that include everything from relatively simple transverse fractures of the surgical neck of humerus, to complex, displaced, multi-part fractures of the proxi...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Proximal radial fractures are the commonest elbow injury in adult patients and the injury most likely to cause an elbow joint effusion. Radial head and neck fractures are often subtle and may be occult on initial imaging. ...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Scaphoid fractures are the second commonest group of fractures that are seen following a fall onto an outstretched hand and result in wrist pain, specifically tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox. They are particularly imp...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Distal fibula fractures are the most common type at the ankle and are usually the result of an inversion injury with or without rotation. They are the extension of a lateral collateral ligament injury. Background Pathophy...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Perthes disease is the name given to idiopathic AVN (avascular necrosis) of the femoral epiphysis in children. It most often occurs in children around the age of 5-6 years and is one of the common considerations when childr...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Osteoarthritis is a destructive joint pathology that results from longstanding, repetitive trauma. It is most common in the small joints in the hand and weightbearing joints (knee and hip) and tends to be symmetrical.  Ter...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Shoulder injury is a relatively uncommon, but important cause for presentation to the Emergency Department. Pain may be the result of acute or chronic injury.  Summary assessment history history of trauma? previous inj...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Fall onto an outstretched hand (FOOSH) is a very common presentation across all ages. It occurs following sporting injuries, or simply after a fall.  Summary assessment history bimodal age and sex presentation young pa...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Hip injury is an important, but relatively uncommon reason to present to emergency services. As with other traumatic presentations, age distribution is bimodal with high-energy trauma in the younger population and potential...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Ankle injury is a ubiquitous problem seen commonly in all minor injuries units and Emergency departments. Presentation may be the result of a relatively minor trip, or following a more significant traumatic precipitant. As...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists The limping child is a common diagnostic quandary faced in emergency departments that deal with paediatric patients. The causes of limp in children are protean and vary with the age of the child. Assessment The important ...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Chest x-ray lines and tubes can be easily assessed and should be the first thing that you look at when reviewing a chest x-ray. Assessment of their position is important, but they also give you an idea about how sick the pa...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Chest x-rays are performed frequently in the assessment of a vast number of sick (and potentially very sick) patients.  A chest x-ray can be performed in the radiology department (usually with the patient standing up) or b...

This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists Trauma films are ubiquitous in an orthopaedic attachment and also in the Emergency Department. In most cases, a trauma film will come with two views. It is important that you review both films because in some cases a fract...